WPF – 2D 图形

WPF 提供了广泛的 2D 图形，可以根据您的应用程序要求对其进行增强。WPF 支持用于绘制图形内容的 Drawing 和 Shape 对象。

形状和绘图

• Shape 类派生自 FrameworkElement 类，Shape 对象可用于面板和大多数控件中。

• WPF 提供了一些从 Shape 类派生的基本形状对象，例如 Ellipse、Line、Path、Polygon、Polyline 和 Rectangle。

• 另一方面，绘图对象不是从 FrameworkElement 类派生的，而是提供更轻量级的实现。

• 与形状对象相比，绘图对象更简单。它们也具有更好的性能特征。

例子

让我们通过一个简单的例子来理解如何使用不同的形状对象。

• 创建一个名为WPF2DGraphics的新 WPF 项目。

• 以下代码创建不同类型的形状。

<Window x:Class = "WPF2DGraphics.MainWindow" 
   xmlns = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
   xmlns:x = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
   xmlns:d = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
   xmlns:mc = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
   xmlns:local = "clr-namespace:WPF2DGraphics" 
   xmlns:PresentationOptions = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/present ation/options"  
   mc:Ignorable = "PresentationOptions" Title = "MainWindow" Height = "400" Width = "604"> 
	
   <StackPanel> 
      <Ellipse Width = "100" Height = "60" Name = "sample" Margin = "10"> 
         <Ellipse.Fill> 
            <RadialGradientBrush> 
               <GradientStop Offset = "0" Color = "AliceBlue"/> 
               <GradientStop Offset = "1" Color = "Gray"/> 
               <GradientStop Offset = "2" Color = "Red"/> 
            </RadialGradientBrush> 
         </Ellipse.Fill> 
      </Ellipse>
		
      <Path Stroke = "Red" StrokeThickness = "5" Data = "M 10,70 L 200,70"
         Height = "42.085" Stretch = "Fill" Margin = "140.598,0,146.581,0" /> 
      <Path Stroke = "BlueViolet" StrokeThickness = "5" Data = "M 20,100 A 100,56 42 1 0 200,10"
         Height = "81.316" Stretch = "Fill" Margin = "236.325,0,211.396,0" /> 
			
      <Path Fill = "LightCoral" Margin = "201.424,0,236.325,0"
         Stretch = "Fill" Height = "124.929"> 
         <Path.Data> 
            <PathGeometry> 
               <PathFigure StartPoint = "50,0" IsClosed = "True"> 
                  <LineSegment Point = "100,50"/> 
                  <LineSegment Point = "50,100"/> 
                  <LineSegment Point = "0,50"/> 
               </PathFigure> 
            </PathGeometry> 
         </Path.Data> 
      </Path> 
		
   </StackPanel> 
	
</Window> 

当你编译并执行上面的代码时，它会产生一个椭圆、一条直线、一个圆弧和一个多边形。

例子

让我们看一下另一个示例，该示例展示了如何使用绘图绘制区域。

• 创建一个名为WPF2DGraphics1的新 WPF 项目。

• 以下 XAML 代码显示了如何使用图像绘制进行不同的绘制。

<Window x:Class = "WPF2DGraphics1.MainWindow" 
   xmlns = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
   xmlns:x = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
   xmlns:d = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
   xmlns:PresentationOptions = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/present ation/options"  
   xmlns:mc = "http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
   mc:Ignorable = "PresentationOptions" 
   xmlns:local = "clr-namespace:WPF2DGraphics1" Title = "MainWindow" Height = "350" Width = "604"> 
	
   <Grid> 
      <Border BorderBrush = "Gray" BorderThickness = "1"  
         HorizontalAlignment = "Left" VerticalAlignment = "Top" 
         Margin = "20"> 
			
         <Image Stretch = "None">
            <Image.Source> 
               <DrawingImage PresentationOptions:Freeze = "True"> 
					
                  <DrawingImage.Drawing> 
                     <DrawingGroup> 
                        <ImageDrawing Rect = "300,100,300,180" ImageSource = "Images\DSC_0104.JPG"/> 
                        <ImageDrawing Rect = "0,100,250,100" ImageSource = "Images\DSC_0104.JPG"/> 
                        <ImageDrawing Rect = "150,0,25,25" ImageSource = "Images\DSC_0104.JPG"/> 
                        <ImageDrawing Rect = "0,0,75,75" ImageSource = "Images\DSC_0104.JPG"/> 
                     </DrawingGroup> 
                  </DrawingImage.Drawing> 
						
               </DrawingImage> 
            </Image.Source> 
         </Image> 
			
      </Border> 
   </Grid> 
	
</Window> 

当您运行应用程序时，它将产生以下输出 –

我们建议您执行上述代码并尝试更多的 2D 形状和绘图。